County

Tyrone

Tír Eoghain

Tyrone’s market towns and river valleys sit beside places made memorable by storytelling. At Knockmany, prehistoric stonework and a comic giant tale occupy the same hill.

Watercolour and fine ink illustration of Mellon homestead at the Ulster American Folk Park in County Tyrone.
Illustration, Mellon homestead at the Ulster American Folk Park
Recorded locationTyrone54.60957° N · 7.11333° WInteractive map supplied by OpenStreetMap.
Approximate recorded location · Logainm.ie

The name

These Irish name elements are associated with this record in the Logainm glossary.

An element’s translation is a clue, rather than a complete explanation of the name. Its form and meaning depend on local history and the full Irish name.

Recorded forms

  • Tír Eoghain · Irish · main form · validated name
  • Tyrone · English · main form

Place & story

Two centres of power and trade

Lewis’s nineteenth-century surveys describe distinct roles for Dungannon and Omagh. Dungannon’s history includes its association with O’Neill power; Omagh developed as a county administrative centre beside its rivers. Markets, rebuilding and changes in authority form part of both accounts. Reading them together gives the county more than one historical centre, with different routes through its political and everyday life. [2] [3]

People & connections

William Carleton’s Tyrone childhood

William Carleton was born in 1794 at Prillisk near Clogher. The Dictionary of Irish Biography describes his parents as Irish speakers with a deep knowledge of oral stories and songs. He attended hedge schools before leaving home in 1818 and eventually pursuing a literary career. His Traits and Stories of the Irish Peasantry brought aspects of rural life into print. His upbringing supplies a precise Tyrone connection to that influential, sometimes contentious body of writing. [4]

Folklore & tradition

Oonagh outwits the giant

A Legend of Knockmany, printed in Joseph Jacobs’s Celtic Fairy Tales in 1892, places Fin and Oonagh’s home on the hill. When the formidable Cucullin approaches, Oonagh takes charge. She hides iron griddles inside bread and passes Fin off as the couple’s child; the visitor concludes that the absent father must be terrifying. In this comic literary version, ingenuity carries the day. Knockmany and the neighbouring hill of Cullamore anchor the fabulous action in a recognisable Tyrone landscape. [5]

The stones beneath the story

Knockmany also contains a prehistoric passage tomb overlooking the Clogher Valley. National Museums NI describes chamber stones decorated with circles, zigzags and spirals. Excavation found burnt human bone, flints and a fragment of Neolithic pottery. The protective covering is modern, dating from 1959. These archaeological remains give the hill a human history far older than the nineteenth-century printed giant tale. [6]

Geographic information

Place type
County
County
Tyrone
Coordinates
54.60957, -7.11333 (approximate)
Mapped area
3,265.02 km²
Logainm ID
100030 ↗

Population over time

Tyrone — historical county

Historical census population, 1821–1926

132,792people · 1926

0100K200K300K400K 1821: 261,865 people18211831: 304,468 people1841: 312,956 people1851: 255,661 people1861: 238,500 people1871: 215,766 people1881: 197,719 people1891: 171,401 people1901: 150,567 people19011911: 142,665 people1926: 132,792 people1926

Published county totals use the boundaries at each census; administrative changes can affect comparisons. Early figures exclude members of the armed forces.

View population figures
Tyrone — historical county — census population
Census yearPopulation
1821261,865
1831304,468
1841312,956
1851255,661
1861238,500
1871215,766
1881197,719
1891171,401
1901150,567
1911142,665
1926132,792

Source: NISRA — 1926 census, Tyrone report (official data tables). Open Government Licence v3.0. Retrieved 2026-10-25.

People & family history

Census figures refer to the matched historical census area for each year. Boundaries and spellings can change over time.

1926 census

This year is outside the available dataset’s coverage. This does not indicate a population of zero.

Explore this county

Up to 50 places per page, ordered by name.

Sources & further reading

  1. Logainm.ie — Tyrone. Place names and geographic record, licensed under CC BY 4.0.
  2. Dungannon — A Topographical Dictionary of Ireland (1837) · Samuel Lewis · 1837
  3. Omagh — A Topographical Dictionary of Ireland (1837) · Samuel Lewis · 1837
  4. William Carleton — Dictionary of Irish Biography
  5. A Legend of Knockmany — Celtic Fairy Tales · 1892
  6. Ancient Ireland archaeological sites — Knockmany, National Museums NI
  7. Boundary geometry retains its source attribution and licence in the downloadable geographic record. Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors.
  8. Mellon homestead at the Ulster American Folk Park illustration: based on a Mellon House, Castletown by Kenneth Allen. AI-assisted watercolour and ink adaptation; cream paper margins added, incidental clutter omitted and fine details simplified. Licence: CC BY-SA 2.0.

Name record retrieved 2026-10-25 · Source record modified 2026-09-19. How this page was prepared.